{"id":11448,"date":"2023-03-13T18:22:49","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T15:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/?p=11448"},"modified":"2023-03-14T09:17:05","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T06:17:05","slug":"ekoloji-orgutleri-deprem-raporu-ve-kampanya-cagrisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/2023\/03\/13\/ekoloji-orgutleri-deprem-raporu-ve-kampanya-cagrisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekoloji \u00d6rg\u00fctleri Deprem Raporu ve Kampanya \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

6 \u015eubat Mara\u015f merkezli depremin hemen ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131yla toplanan Ekoloji Hareketleri Afet Grubu deprem b\u00f6lgesine temsili bir heyet g\u00f6nderilmesi karar\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6lgeden d\u00f6nen heyetin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporu sunuyor, ard\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgede tar\u0131ma destek vermek i\u00e7in “Topraktan Do\u011fuyoruz” temal\u0131 kampanya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ele almak i\u00e7in bu ak\u015fam yap\u0131lacak toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunuyoruz. <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

I- EKOLOJ\u0130 \u00d6RG\u00dcTLER\u0130 DEPREM RAPORU <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

*6 \u015eubat 2023\u2019teki Pazarc\u0131k merkezli depremin ard\u0131ndan ekoloji \u00f6rg\u00fctleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131yla toplanan Eko-Afet Grubu\u2019nun 7 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplant\u0131da deprem b\u00f6lgesine bir temsili heyet g\u00f6nderilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan \u00c7evre M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, Ekoloji Birli\u011fi, \u0130klim Adaleti Koalisyonu, Mezopotamya Ekoloji Hareketi ve Ekoloji Derne\u011fi (Amed) kurumlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan 7 ki\u015filik bir heyet olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. Heyet 15-18 \u015eubat tarihlerinde b\u00f6lgede bulunmu\u015f, s\u0131ras\u0131yla Diyarbak\u0131r, Ad\u0131yaman, P\u00fct\u00fcrge, Malatya, Elbistan, Nurhak, Narl\u0131, Antep, Antakya, Defne, Samanda\u011f\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ve incelemeler yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu rapor, olu\u015fturulan heyetin ilgili tarihlerdeki g\u00f6zlemlerine ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine dayanmakla birlikte, ekoloji \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren ve depremin ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren sahada arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, foto\u011fraf ve video \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m noktalar\u0131na destek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, ev, sokak, b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015f-k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ba\u015f ve k\u00fcmes hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve beslenmesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapan ki\u015filerin, heyete son g\u00fcn kat\u0131lan T\u00fcrk Tabipler Birli\u011fi ve Do\u011fan\u0131n \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 aktivistlerinin g\u00f6zlemleri ve aktar\u0131mlar\u0131 eklenerek haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raporlama tekni\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan depremden etkilenenlerin ve\/veya dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye gidenlerin s\u00f6zlerini, sahadaki tespitleri ve var\u0131lan analiz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erecek \u015fekilde konu bazl\u0131 gruplamalar ile haz\u0131rl\u0131k yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re; 10 ba\u015fl\u0131kla olu\u015fturulan raporda; KENTLER\u0130N \u0130N\u015eASI EKOKIRIM SU\u00c7LARI \u00dcZER\u0130NDE Y\u00dcKSELM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R, \u201cDEVLET \u00c7\u00d6KT\u00dc\u201d GER\u00c7E\u011e\u0130 B\u00dcT\u00dcN \u00c7IPLAKLI\u011eIYLA KAR\u015eIMIZDADIR, ENKAZLAR SU\u00c7 MAHALL\u0130D\u0130R, TEMEL GEREKS\u0130N\u0130MLER\u0130 KAR\u015eILAMAYAN, KAR\u015eILAYANI DA ENGELLEYEN DEVLET, \u00c7ADIR GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM \u0130KEN \u00c7ADIRSIZLIK KO\u015eULLARI, TOPLUMSAL \u00d6RG\u00dcTL\u00dcL\u00dcK, HUKUK\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130L \u201cME\u015eRU\u201d EYLEML\u0130L\u0130K HAL\u0130, B\u0130R DEVLET POL\u0130T\u0130KASI OLARAK; \u0130NSANSIZLA\u015eTIRMA, YA\u015eAM M\u00dcCADELES\u0130 VER\u0130LEN B\u00d6LGEDE \u00d6ZEL SAVA\u015e VE D\u00dc\u015eMANLA\u015eTIRMA POL\u0130T\u0130KALARI-SALDIRILAR, SONU\u00c7: YEN\u0130 YA\u015eAMI NASIL VAR EDEB\u0130L\u0130R\u0130Z-EKOLOJ\u0130K B\u0130R YA\u015eAM M\u00dcMK\u00dcN <\/strong>b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011fal olan deprem mi felaket yoksa do\u011fal olmayan rant ve tahakk\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcm ya\u015famda \u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu y\u00f6netim sistemi mi<\/em>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28 \u015eubat 2023<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00d6L\u00dcM 1: KENTLER\u0130N \u0130N\u015eASI EKOKIRIM SU\u00c7LARI \u00dcZER\u0130NDE Y\u00dcKSELM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDemokratlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 binalardan y\u0131k\u0131lan g\u00f6rmedim\u201d (Depremden etkilenen Makine M\u00fchendisi\u2013Malatya)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cRestore edilen tarihi yap\u0131lar y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Restore edilmeyenler ayakta.\u201d (Mimar-Hatay)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TESP\u0130TLER: <\/strong>Ranta ve kapitalizme dayal\u0131 bir in\u015fa anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla yarat\u0131lan kentlerde  beton end\u00fcstrisinin mevzuata uygun olmayan malzemelerinden kaynakl\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde zeminin sulak alandan olu\u015ftu\u011fu<\/strong>, yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n nehir kenar\u0131 alanlarda oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6le yak\u0131n yerlerdeki y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n, uzak yerlere nazaran daha \u00e7ok olmas\u0131 sulak yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015f kentlerinin y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6rnektir, kum zemin tespit edilen enkaz altlar\u0131nda, g\u00f6l kuruduktan sonra burada yap\u0131la\u015fmaya gidildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019da y\u0131k\u0131lan bina say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu binalarda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirenlerin Van Depremi\u2019ndeki kay\u0131plara yak\u0131n olmas\u0131, bilimsel kriterlerde \u00fcretilmeyen dikine mimarinin ekosistem \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahribat\u0131n yan\u0131nda, toplu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin de sebebi olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekici bir veri olmu\u015ftur. Malatya\u2019da en fazla y\u0131k\u0131m alan\u0131 olan Do\u011fan\u015fehir\u2019de tar\u0131m arazileri \u00fczerine kurulan beton yap\u0131lar<\/strong> yerle bir olurken ayn\u0131 tar\u0131m arazisindeki kerpi\u00e7 evlerin ayakta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu y\u0131k\u0131mlarda i\u015f yerlerinin ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistem \u00fczerinde tahribatlar\u0131n\u0131n etkili oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Eskiden bostanlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer olan ve ad\u0131n\u0131 da buradan alan Bostanba\u015f\u0131\u2019nda, kay\u0131s\u0131 tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n imara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 tar\u0131m\u0131 yok etmi\u015f, burada gidilen yap\u0131la\u015fma zemin et\u00fcd\u00fc sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131ma g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Elbistan\u2019da Ceyhan Nehri\u2019nin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki tar\u0131m arazilerine yap\u0131lan in\u015faatlar y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n artmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Asi nehrinin etraf\u0131ndaki yani nehir havzas\u0131ndaki kent yap\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in de benzer durum ge\u00e7erlidir. \u0130skenderun\u2019da tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve sanayile\u015fmenin artmas\u0131 da bu al\u00fcviyal topraklar \u00fczerine yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131ran bir fakt\u00f6r olmu\u015f, sanayile\u015fme b\u00f6lgede portakal bah\u00e7elerinin de binalarla dolmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir. Depremden sonra \u0130skenderun\u2019da zeminin s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 da bu olguya i\u015faret etmektedir. K\u0131rsal alanlarda bulunan k\u00f6ylerde do\u011fayla ve toprakla uyumlu olan yap\u0131larda  ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n; yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7ok eski olmas\u0131ndan ve yap\u0131 denetimi eksikli\u011finden olabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken kimi k\u00f6ylerde de kent in\u015faat end\u00fcstrisi ahlak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6ylere kadar ilerledi\u011fi, tu\u011fla, tahta, kum gibi ucuz olan ve co\u011frafyaya uyumlu olmayan malzeme kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Karakaya baraj\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131lan k\u00f6ylerden (Tecirli\u2019dekiler vb.) kent cennet gibi sunularak g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilen insanlar, \u015fimdi bu kentlerde enkaz alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Malatya\u2019da yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Mara\u015f\u2019ta ya\u015fanan bu g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilme ger\u00e7e\u011finin \u00c7i\u011fdemtepe K\u00f6y\u00fc i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fudur. <\/strong>Yine, binalar\u0131n kat ruhsatlar\u0131n\u0131n zeminlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak az katl\u0131 olan yerlerde binalar\u0131n \u00e7ok katl\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik imarlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ANAL\u0130Z: <\/strong>Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131 ve sulak alanlar \u00fczerine kontrols\u00fcz ve g\u00fcvenliksiz bir beton end\u00fcstrisi, depremin felakete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin nedenlerindendir. Ranta dayal\u0131 in\u015fa edilen binalarda kullan\u0131lan ucuz in\u015faat malzemeleri, H-Serbest uygulamalar\u0131, denetimsizlik ve zemin et\u00fcdlerinin sa\u011flanmamas\u0131 da depremi afete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren politik temelli nedenlerdendir. Kentlerin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n temelinde ekok\u0131r\u0131m su\u00e7lar\u0131 yatarken bunlara neden olan egemen y\u00f6netim sistemleri ve demokratik olmayan tutumlar felaketin di\u011fer ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenlerindendir. Ekolojik tahribatlar nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 toplumsal ya\u015fant\u0131da bitmeyen g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u00d6L\u00dcM 2: \u201cDEVLET \u00c7\u00d6KT\u00dc\u201d GER\u00c7E\u011e\u0130 B\u00dcT\u00dcN \u00c7IPLAKLI\u011eIYLA KAR\u015eIMIZDADIR, ENKAZLAR SU\u00c7 MAHALL\u0130D\u0130R<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130nsanlar enkaz alt\u0131nda donarak \u00f6ld\u00fc de\u011fil \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Deprem de\u011fil bu devlet \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc insanlar\u0131\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130nan\u0131n, enkazlardan \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 duyuyorduk\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAFAD geldi\u011finde baz\u0131 yerlerde ekipleri yer ald\u0131 ama art\u0131k \u00e7ok ge\u00e7ti\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBiz bu co\u011frafyada do\u011fduk ka\u00e7may\u0131 se\u00e7medik. Ama \u015fu an seve seve ka\u00e7\u0131yoruz. Biz neden tek bayrak alt\u0131nday\u0131z? bu g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in. Bug\u00fcn biz bayra\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda yaln\u0131z\u0131z ve bayra\u011f\u0131 yine biz havada tutuyoruz. Devlet bunu bizim i\u00e7in yapm\u0131yor. Bu ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok ac\u0131, yaln\u0131zl\u0131k hissi tam olarak bu i\u015fte.\u201d (Hatay)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBu tedbirsizlik, ihmal, beceriksizlik de\u011fil, i\u015fin zor k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fma g\u00fc\u00e7lerine y\u0131kmak istediler\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TESP\u0130TLER: <\/strong>Deprem b\u00f6lgelerinde yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde en fazla duyulan \u201cDevlet yoktu, devlet \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc ve devlet hala yok<\/strong>\u201d olmu\u015ftur. Arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin aktar\u0131lanlar; AFAD\u2019\u0131n arama-kurtarma faaliyeti i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcnde geldi\u011fi ve ge\u00e7 gelen ekiplerin malzemesiz, ekipmans\u0131z g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerden olu\u015ftu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Arama kurtarma faaliyetlerine farkl\u0131 illerden kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan yurtta\u015flar, depremden etkilenen bireyler; AFAD\u2019\u0131n ihbar almadan enkaz alan\u0131na gelmedi\u011fini, kendi imkanlar\u0131yla getirdikleri vin\u00e7, di\u011fer malzeme ve insan g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn de jandarmalar, di\u011fer kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve krizi y\u00f6netmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan idareciler taraf\u0131ndan engellendi\u011fini ifade etmi\u015flerdir. Kente bu kadar ge\u00e7 ula\u015fan, yetersiz kalan AFAD, k\u00f6ylere hi\u00e7 gitmemi\u015ftir. AFAD\u2019la \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir yurtta\u015f\u0131n aktar\u0131m\u0131 AFAD\u2019\u0131n teknolojik imkan, bilgi ve arama kurtarma becerisinin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu<\/strong> y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir; Malatya\u2019da AFAD\u2019\u0131n canl\u0131 tespit edemedi\u011fi enkazda \u00c7in\u2019den gelen arama-kurtarma ekibi kalp at\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tespit eden cihazlarla enkaz alt\u0131nda kalan petshop\u2019taki onlarca hayvan\u0131 kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Narl\u0131\u2019da kendi imkanlar\u0131yla ailesini kurtarmak i\u00e7in vin\u00e7 ve jenerat\u00f6r getiren bir yurtta\u015f\u0131n jandarma taraf\u0131ndan tutukland\u0131\u011f\u0131 aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hatay\u2019da yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde ilk \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn hi\u00e7 bir devlet kurumunun arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktaran insanlar\u0131n \u015fu c\u00fcmleleri ya\u015fananlar\u0131 t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekli\u011fiyle ifade etmektedir: \u201cSadece benim \u015fahit oldu\u011fum 24 saat yol kenar\u0131nda bekleyen t\u00fcm aramalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen yetkililerden kimsenin gelip almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 cesetler vard\u0131. Konu\u015ftu\u011fum orta ya\u015flardaki kad\u0131nlardan biri \u201cDevlet b\u00f6yle bir an\u0131mda yan\u0131mda olmayacaksa neden var ki\u201d diye soruyor, devam\u0131nda \u201cNeden ona sayg\u0131 duyay\u0131m ki\u201d diye ilave ediyor. Bu andan itibaren devletle vatanda\u015f aras\u0131nda bir kopu\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/strong> \u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hatay\u2019da depremden etkilenen ba\u015fka ki\u015filerin aktar\u0131mlar\u0131 ise \u015fu \u015fekildedir: \u201cAvustralya\u2019dan gelen bir ekip ses al\u0131nd\u0131 ihbar\u0131 \u00fczerine ses dinlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve ses al\u0131nd\u0131 enkazdan ama tam o s\u0131ralarda etrafta i\u015f makinalar\u0131 enkaz kald\u0131rma yap\u0131yordu. Bir i\u015f makinas\u0131n\u0131 durdursan ba\u015fka yerden bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu asl\u0131nda bu manzara hemen hemen ilk g\u00fcnlerden beri vard\u0131. Bir an \u00f6nce enkaz\u0131 kald\u0131rma gayreti arama kurtarmadan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerliyordu. Muhtemelen bir\u00e7ok cenaze de enkazlara kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, arama kurtarma s\u00fcresi k\u0131sa tutulmu\u015f, enkaz kald\u0131rma s\u00fcreci h\u0131zl\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f bir ortamda t\u00fcm cenazeleri \u00e7\u0131karma ihtimalleri yok.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eehirlerde yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler boyunca depremden etkilenen, arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na dahil olan ve enkaz ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131yla enkaz alt\u0131nda ailesi i\u00e7in birilerinin gelmesini bekleyen pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fiyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.  Arama kurtarman\u0131n hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 binlerce enkaza kep\u00e7eyle m\u00fcdahale edildi\u011fi medyadan edinilen bilgilerle de ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken, depremin \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en iki haftan\u0131n  sonunda insanlar\u0131n beklentisi maalesef canlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k diri de\u011fil \u00f6l\u00fc olarak alabilmek olmu\u015ftur. Art\u0131k tek istekleri cenazelerini teslim alabilmek olan insanlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u00fcmle \u015fu olmu\u015ftur: \u201cYa\u015famlar\u0131na sayg\u0131 duymad\u0131n\u0131z, \u00f6l\u00fclerine bari sayg\u0131 duyun\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ANAL\u0130Z: <\/strong>Depremden g\u00fcnler sonra insanlar\u0131n aileleri ve sevdikleri i\u00e7in umudu kesilmi\u015f ve \u00e7ok ac\u0131d\u0131r ki art\u0131k insanlar cenazelerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in vin\u00e7, arama ekibi arar hale gelmi\u015ftir. \u00c7o\u011fu \u015fehirde g\u00f6r\u00fclen; arama kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hi\u00e7 yap\u0131lmadan kep\u00e7elerle girilen enkaz alanlar\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi ayn\u0131 zamanda insan haklar\u0131 ihlalidir. Enkaz alt\u0131nda kalmalar\u0131 nedeniyle uzuvlar\u0131n\u0131 ya da hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden ya da donarak \u00f6l\u00fcme terk edilen insanlar\u0131n, devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 di\u011fer \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerce kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi de insan hayat\u0131na kast niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Arama-kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tamamlanmadan enkaz kald\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na giri\u015filmesi ise insanlar\u0131n beden b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik bir sald\u0131r\u0131 niteli\u011findedir.  Beden b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sayg\u0131 duymadan, \u00f6l\u00fc cana ve onun ba\u011f kurduklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 duymadan kep\u00e7elerle enkazlara m\u00fcdahale etmek ciddi bir insan haklar\u0131 ihlal alan\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenledir ki ileriki zamanlarda molozlar\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcm alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, binlerce insan\u0131n kay\u0131p olarak ge\u00e7ece\u011fi birer su\u00e7 mahalli olaca\u011f\u0131 ihtimal dahilindedir. Enkazlar daha \u015fimdiden delil karartma yerleri olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7o\u011fu insan\u0131n ifade etti\u011fi \u201cdevlet \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u201d c\u00fcmlesi asl\u0131nda aklen ve vicdanen devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ger\u00e7e\u011fini b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Arama kurtarma i\u00e7in devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnlerce alanda olmamas\u0131 olgusu zihinlere kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaman i\u00e7erisinde bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, devletin kendi afet kriz y\u00f6netim mekanizmalar\u0131nda dahi raporlar\u0131n\u0131 tuttu\u011fu bir olaydan haberdar olmamas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Dikkat \u00e7ekici olan bir di\u011fer nokta ise \u00fclkenin kriz durumlar\u0131nda (ki deprem \u00fclkesi bir b\u00f6lgenin) n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 20\u2019si kadar \u00e7ad\u0131r bulundurmas\u0131, konteynerleri ve g\u0131da depolar\u0131 haz\u0131r olmas\u0131 gereken bir kurum olan K\u0131z\u0131lay\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n dahi ilk g\u00fcnlerde ge\u00e7medi\u011fidir. Bu durum bizlere rant\u00e7\u0131, liyakatsiz, tek\u00e7i zihniyetle y\u00f6netilen bir devlet sisteminde kurumlar\u0131n i\u015flevselli\u011fini tamamen yitirdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u00d6L\u00dcM 3: TEMEL GEREKS\u0130N\u0130MLER\u0130 KAR\u015eILAMAYAN, KAR\u015eILAYANI DA ENGELLEYEN DEVLET<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cParan\u0131z olsa ne fayda, para hi\u00e7 bir yerde ge\u00e7medi ki, nereye harcayacaks\u0131n\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDepolar\u0131n oldu\u011fu noktaya kayyum atad\u0131lar. \u201cSizin \u015fefiniz nerede\u201d dediler. Bizler, \u201cbizde \u015fef yok \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hiyerar\u015fi yok. Herkes i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u201d dedi\u011fimizde, \u201cbizde \u015fef de var hiyerar\u015fi de\u201d diyerek onlar\u0131n emirlerini yerine getirmemizi beklediler.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TESP\u0130TLER: <\/strong>Kentlerin tamam\u0131nda ilk g\u00fcnlerdeki durum, temel g\u0131da deste\u011finin dahi ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. \u015eehir merkezlerine depremin ikinci ya da \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcnden sonra k\u0131smen ula\u015fan temel g\u0131da, k\u00f6ylere 1 hafta sonras\u0131nda dahi \u00e7ok k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 \u015fekilde ula\u015fabilmi\u015ftir. Deprem travmas\u0131, yas travmas\u0131 ya\u015fayan bireyler afet an\u0131nda market ve eczanelerden almak zorunda olduklar\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in dahi medyada yans\u0131t\u0131lan ya\u011fmac\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131 ve haberlerinden dolay\u0131 utanarak ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015flerdir<\/strong>. Depremin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde hi\u00e7 bir \u015feye ula\u015famayan ve evlerine giremeyen Hatay\u2019daki depremzedelerin en \u00e7ok payla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ac\u0131lardan biri de yard\u0131ma muhta\u00e7l\u0131k hissi<\/strong>nin kendilerini k\u00f6t\u00fc  hissettirmesiydi. Hastaneler i\u015flemez durumdayd\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 yoktu .\u201cDevlet yoktu\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc bu anlamda da ger\u00e7ekti. Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti tamamen durmu\u015ftu. Pazarc\u0131k\u2019ta sadece bir k\u00f6y\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131k oca\u011f\u0131nda o k\u00f6y\u00fcn gen\u00e7lerinden g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir gen\u00e7 hekim, izin al\u0131p gelerek kendi k\u00f6y\u00fcne hizmet sunuyordu. Ona da ila\u00e7 vb deste\u011fi halk dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk g\u00fcnlerde demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve\/veya muhalif siyasi partilerin b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6nderdikleri t\u0131rlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131na izin verilmemi\u015f, t\u0131rlar durdurulup, i\u00e7indeki malzemeye el konulmu\u015ftur, OHAL buna gerek\u00e7e olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerimizde bu el konulan malzemelerin g\u00fcnlerce da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmadan tutuldu\u011fu, devletin bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l ve nereye da\u011f\u0131tabilece\u011fine y\u00f6nelik insan g\u00fcc\u00fcnden ve saha bilgisinden de yoksun<\/strong> oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Devletin ve AFAD\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mlar\u0131 depolarda biriktirmesi, el konulan yard\u0131mlar\u0131n stoklan\u0131p da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumu, bu yard\u0131mlar\u0131n ileride se\u00e7im \u00f6ncesi propaganda ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015ftir. Yard\u0131mlar\u0131n engellenmesinin en net \u00f6rne\u011fi Mara\u015f\u2019\u0131n Pazarc\u0131k il\u00e7esinde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, HDP\u2019nin ve demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin organize etti\u011fi ve bir Alevi derne\u011finde toplanan yard\u0131mlara ve dayan\u0131\u015fmaya kayyum atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ANAL\u0130Z: <\/strong>K\u00f6ylere yard\u0131mlar\u0131n ge\u00e7 ula\u015fmas\u0131nda baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerin kar, don vb. iklimsel nedenlerle co\u011frafi zorluklara sahip olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r olmu\u015ftur ancak yollar\u0131 kardan kapanan bu co\u011frafyalarda (Nurhak, Ad\u0131yaman\u2019\u0131n ya da Malatya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6yleri vb) normal zamanlarda bile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeyen yol a\u00e7ma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 deprem sonras\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n hayat\u0131na mal olmu\u015f, \u00e7o\u011fu insan\u0131n da depremin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde temel ihtiya\u00e7lara bile ula\u015famamas\u0131na sebebiyet vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u00d6L\u00dcM 4:  \u00c7ADIR GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM \u0130KEN \u00c7ADIRSIZLIK KO\u015eULLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                                                                    <\/em><\/strong>\u201cBah\u00e7emi b\u0131rakmak istemiyorum, ba\u011f\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131nda kurabilece\u011fim bir \u00e7ad\u0131r verin ne olur!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGece \u00e7ad\u0131rda nas\u0131l uyuyabilirim \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131m varken, g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bile k\u0131rpam\u0131yorum\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TESP\u0130TLER: <\/strong>Ad\u0131yaman merkezde \u00e7ad\u0131r ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan insanlar\u0131n, enkazlar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda, bu zor \u015fartlarda sokakta geceleyerek cenazelerini bekledikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Maalesef ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenecek \u00e7ad\u0131r alan\u0131 olduk\u00e7a a<\/strong>z iken var olan \u00e7ad\u0131r alanlar\u0131 ve ya\u015fam\u0131n kendisi; sa\u011fl\u0131k, tuvalet, su, \u0131s\u0131nma, g\u00fcvenlik, elektrik, \u015fehirden izolasyon gibi pek \u00e7ok yetersizlik ve risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgede g\u00f6zlemler yap\u0131l\u0131rken \u00e7ad\u0131r alanlar\u0131n\u0131n hala \u00e7ok yetersiz d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011fu, g\u00f6nderilen \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n ise i\u00e7erisinde soba olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve mevsime dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7ad\u0131rlar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedilmi\u015ftir. Malatya\u2019da gece eksi 25 dereceye ula\u015fan hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n zorlu\u011fu \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda \u0131s\u0131nma problemi <\/strong>ya\u015fanmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Depremden etkilenen ki\u015filer, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n su ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131sland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. AFAD taraf\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ok yetersiz oldu\u011fu, 2 ailenin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir \u00e7ad\u0131rda birlikte bar\u0131nmaya mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde dile getirilmi\u015ftir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, \u00e7ad\u0131r kentlerde ve di\u011fer toplu ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7ok fazla problem ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, taciz ve \u015fiddet riskinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Elbistan\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir avukat \u00e7ad\u0131rkentte ya\u015fanan \u00e7ocu\u011fa taciz vakas\u0131n\u0131n adliyeye ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ve karma yap\u0131lardaki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, depremden etkilenen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hijyen ve giyim gibi acil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n depremden olumsuz etkilenmesini engellemek \u00fczere yeni tan\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar yaratma ve sohbet etme, emzirme ve giyinme alanlar\u0131 yaratma gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fczerine de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00c7ad\u0131rkentlerdeki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck eksikler, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 hastal\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z yapmaktad\u0131r. Ruhsal olarak da zor s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak zorunda kalan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fcklerce a\u00e7\u0131lan kuran kurslar\u0131na gitmeleri istenmektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve muhalif siyasi partilerin kurduklar\u0131 \u00e7ad\u0131rkentlerde \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hem temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 giderilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta hem de psikososyal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini destekleyecek grup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, oyun ve etkinlikler d\u00fczenlenmektedir. <\/strong>Sahada g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler AFAD\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131rkentlerinin sivil toplumun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapmas\u0131na kapal\u0131 oldu\u011fu, silahl\u0131 ki\u015filerce korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131rkentte kalanlar\u0131 psikolojik y\u00f6nden olumsuz etkileyebilece\u011fi ve bask\u0131 yapabileceklerine ili\u015fkin aktar\u0131mlarda bulundular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kentlerde genel anlamda \u015febeke suyunun olmamas\u0131, kanalizasyon sistemlerinin \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ciddi hastal\u0131k ve hijyen sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 birlikte getirmektedir. T\u00fcrk Tabipler Birli\u011fi (TTB)\u2019nin saha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k ekiplerinin gitti\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerin ve k\u00f6ylerin baz\u0131lar\u0131na hala daha yard\u0131m ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n, uyuz ve az da olsa ishal vakalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclere yine g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tetanoz a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AFAD\u2019\u0131n kurdu\u011fu \u00e7ad\u0131rkentlerin yer se\u00e7imi Diyarbak\u0131r ve Hatay Samanda\u011f \u00f6rneklerinde oldu\u011fu gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlere kap\u0131 aralamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ad\u0131rkentlerin sulak alanlara, su bask\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n olabilece\u011fi, so\u011fuk iklim ko\u015fuluna sahip yerlere ve \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na kuruldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/strong> Dicle Nehri kenar\u0131nda kurulan \u00e7ad\u0131rkentin altyap\u0131 yetersizli\u011finin bulundu\u011fu, 4200 \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131n at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da Dicle Nehri\u2019ni kirletebilece\u011fi <\/strong>g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Telle etraf\u0131 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, korucular ve polis denetiminde olan \u00e7ad\u0131rkentte havalar \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131k\u00e7a sivrisinek vb nedeniyle hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 da ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ad\u0131rkentlerin bu sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra b\u00f6lgede pek \u00e7ok yerde insanlar\u0131n evlerinin bulundu\u011fu yerleri terk etmek istememeleri ve bu nedenle \u00e7ad\u0131rkentler yerine evlerinin yanlar\u0131na tekil \u00e7ad\u0131rlar<\/strong> kurduklar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n, hayvanlar\u0131ndan, samanlar\u0131ndan, bah\u00e7elerinden uzakla\u015fmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ad\u0131r-konteyner kentlere hakl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek istememi\u015flerdir. Kimi yerlerde bu \u00e7ad\u0131rlar birka\u00e7 kom\u015funun \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 yan yana kurmas\u0131 \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tekil \u00e7ad\u0131rlara dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye gelen demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve siyasi partiler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u0131da, hijyen malzemesi g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ANAL\u0130Z: <\/strong>\u00c7ad\u0131rkentlerde kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet vakalar\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuk istismar\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ad\u0131r\u0131n kendisi ge\u00e7ici, akut d\u00f6nem \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc iken; bu ge\u00e7ici yard\u0131m\u0131n dahi yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu konuda da \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ad\u0131rkent ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve toplumsal iyile\u015fmeye uygun bir \u015fekilde olmamas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorunken yine dayan\u0131\u015fma gruplar\u0131n\u0131n kurduklar\u0131 \u00e7ad\u0131rlar devletinkilerine alternatif olarak insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015fti\u011fi alanlar olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Deprem b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan travmatik s\u00fcre\u00e7, insanlar\u0131n sosyal ya\u015famdan kopar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, psikolojik destek alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kendi mahallesinden, soka\u011f\u0131ndan \u015fehir d\u0131\u015flar\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fclerek izole edildi\u011fi \u00e7ad\u0131rkentlerde daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcyecek, sosyal ve psikolojik sorunlara neden olacakt\u0131r. Su bask\u0131n\u0131 riskinin oldu\u011fu noktalarda kurulan \u00e7ad\u0131rkentler hem insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131racak hem de su ekosistemlerine olumsuz etki edecektir. Kal\u0131c\u0131 yerle\u015fimlerin planlama esas\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi baz al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131rkentlerin ve konteyner alanlar\u0131n\u0131n nitelikli yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u00d6L\u00dcM 5: TOPLUMSAL \u00d6RG\u00dcTL\u00dcL\u00dcK, HUKUK\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130L \u201cME\u015eRU\u201d EYLEML\u0130L\u0130K HAL\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBu sobalar\u0131 al\u0131n, siz ihtiyac\u0131 olanlara verirsiniz nas\u0131lsa \u201d(Askerlerden kriz masas\u0131 deposuna)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBize yine halk\u0131m\u0131z ko\u015ftu\u201d(Depremden etkilenen ki\u015fi-Ad\u0131yaman)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TESP\u0130TLER:<\/strong> Kentlerde halk dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ren kurumlardan sendikalar, partiler ve depremden etkilenen ki\u015filerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde b\u00fcrokratik, hiyerar\u015fik devlet yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n dokunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu kurumlara her kesimin g\u00fcveninin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zamanda; halk taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen bu dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131 etkileri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr<\/strong>. Bununla birlikte \u015fehirlerin yerel dayan\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imleri ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u015fekillerinin kriz durumlar\u0131n\u0131 atlatmada etkili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diyarbak\u0131r\/Amed deneyimi,<\/strong> deprem ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme prati\u011fi \u00fczerine olduk\u00e7a etkileyici bir \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur: depremin ya\u015fanmas\u0131ndan hemen bir saat sonra Kent Koruma ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma Platformu olarak toplanan kurumlar; \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir koordinasyonla kentte s\u00f6z sahibi olan her iradeyle ortakla\u015farak bir dayan\u0131\u015fma \u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, kentin, devlete ve devletin kurumlar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymadan kendine yetebilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn kendi \u015fehrinde yard\u0131mlar\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131rmak ad\u0131na koordinasyonu sa\u011flayan ve bar\u0131nma alanlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan Amed g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri depremin ikinci g\u00fcn\u00fcnde di\u011fer \u015fehirlerin yard\u0131m\u0131na ko\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  Malatya\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerdeyse; yard\u0131mlar\u0131n meslek odalar\u0131 boyutuyla eksik kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 dile getirilmi\u015f, sendikalar, partiler ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcten bir kriz masas\u0131n\u0131n da olu\u015ftu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk g\u00fcnler g\u0131da ve su sorunu oldu\u011fu fakat sonras\u0131nda yard\u0131mlar\u0131n geldi\u011fi kriz masalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan aktar\u0131l\u0131rken, depremin iki hafta sonras\u0131nda ise art\u0131k yard\u0131m t\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n gelmemeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. Farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlerden gelerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara destek sunan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler ve parti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 \u015fehirde demokratik toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin zay\u0131f oldu\u011funu aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nurhak\u2019ta depremin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde k\u0131\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kapal\u0131 olan yollar\u0131n normal zamanlarda da a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu sebeple yard\u0131mlar\u0131n ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131  \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015ftir. Fakat belediyenin de katk\u0131s\u0131yla yerelde ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131da kurulan dayan\u0131\u015fmayla insanlar\u0131n di\u011fer \u015fehirlere tahliye edildikleri, kalanlara ise \u00e7ad\u0131r ve g\u0131da sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flayan insanlar\u0131n mutlaka bahar aylar\u0131nda geri d\u00f6necekleri, yerel dayan\u0131\u015fmayla da d\u00f6nmeleri i\u00e7in uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131n yarat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatay\u2019da belediyenin, koordinasyon krizine h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u00e7are bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ele\u015ftiriler ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ad\u0131yaman \u00f6rne\u011finde ise kurulan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck ve koordinasyonun \u015fehir merkezinden  k\u00f6ylere  kadar, devletin gitmedi\u011fi  her yere ula\u015farak i\u015fbirli\u011fine dayal\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla depremden etkilenen yurtta\u015flarla dayan\u0131\u015fma sergiledikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Burada bulunan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler kendileri de deprem travmas\u0131 ya\u015farken daha fazla zarar g\u00f6ren halkla dayan\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Sol-devrimci parti ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerin farkl\u0131 alanlarda dayan\u0131\u015fma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemliyken bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler aras\u0131nda genel bir koordinasyonun olmamas\u0131\/zay\u0131f olmas\u0131 mahallede ve k\u00f6ylerde bulunan ki\u015filerin kimi yerlerde yard\u0131ma ula\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir fakt\u00f6r olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ziyaret edilen t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yap\u0131lan kriz masas\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcleri ya da demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve parti temsilcileri, depremin kendi \u00fczerilerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 travmay\u0131 atlatmadan halk\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na ko\u015fmak zorunda olman\u0131n zorluklar\u0131ndan bahsetmi\u015f ancak bununla birlikte dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n kendi \u201ciyi olma hal\u201dlerini destekledi\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ANAL\u0130Z: <\/strong>Afetin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde arama-kurtarma ve g\u0131da-\u00e7ad\u0131r yard\u0131mlar\u0131nda ciddi eksiklikler g\u00f6steren, hi\u00e7 olmayan devlet mekanizmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda halk\u0131n kendi \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve h\u0131zl\u0131 refleksler geli\u015ftirerek dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc somut bir ger\u00e7ektir. Egemen g\u00fc\u00e7ler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda muhalif halk hareketleri ve kent \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z hakk\u0131 olan herkes ya\u015fan\u0131lan felaket kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ekolojik, demokratik, onurlu bir ya\u015fam\u0131 isterken ve yard\u0131mla\u015f\u0131rken koordineli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta, dayan\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6sterdikleri \u015fehirlerde yard\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte ve dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6rmektedir. Kriz durumlar\u0131; yerelden toplumsal birlikteli\u011fin \u00f6r\u00fclebildi\u011fi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kentlerde, metropolle\u015fme ve merkezile\u015fmenin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck kente g\u00f6re daha az hasarla atlat\u0131labilmektedir. Afet alanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen ger\u00e7ek; devletsiz de ya\u015fam\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n