{"id":11907,"date":"2023-04-12T19:49:11","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T16:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/?p=11907"},"modified":"2023-04-13T11:36:49","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T08:36:49","slug":"kahramanmaras-depremi-neden-bu-kadar-yikiciydi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/2023\/04\/12\/kahramanmaras-depremi-neden-bu-kadar-yikiciydi\/","title":{"rendered":"MARA\u015e DEPREM\u0130 NEDEN BU KADAR YIKICIYDI?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

‘Ekoloji Hareketleri Afet Platformu’ (Eko Afet Platformu) Kahramanmara\u015f Depreminin neden bu kadar y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunu Doktor \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi \u00c7i\u011fdem \u015eahin’e sordu. Konuyu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Neo-liberal K\u0131r\/Kent Politikalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendiren \u015eahin, s\u00fcrece ili\u015fkin temel \u00f6zellikleri ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcrecini genel okurun anlayabilece\u011fi bir sadelikte Ye\u015fil Direni\u015f’te ele ald\u0131. Bu ufuk a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 metin ya\u015fanan s\u00fcrecin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 sunuyor. <\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Dr \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi \u00c7i\u011fdem \u015eahin <\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ba\u015fl\u0131klardan sonra metnin tamam\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Daha \u00f6nceki sistemde (Fordist Birikim Sisteminde)  T\u00fcm kapitalist \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u2018Sanayi Odakl\u0131\u2019 bir birikim modeli ve \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n taleplerinin \/ beklentilerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u2018Kent Planlamas\u0131\u2019 ve \u2018Sosyal Haklar\u2019 temelinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir \u2018Hukuk Sistemi\u2019 hakimdi.” <\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Kentlerde Kamu binalar\u0131, kamusal alanlar, \u00f6rne\u011fin devlet okullar\u0131, devlet hastaneleri, kamusal dinlence \/ e\u011flence yerleri, kamu \u0130ktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri t\u00fcm bunlar kentin en g\u00fczel en g\u00f6zde yerlerinde bol miktarda bulunmaktayd\u0131. Ye\u015fil alanlar, parklar, ormanlar,  korular,  halka a\u00e7\u0131k alanlard\u0131 ve genellikle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n sosyalle\u015fti\u011fi, dinlendi\u011fi yerlerdi buralar”. <\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Kente m\u00fcdahalede \u2018Planlama\u2019 ve \u2018B\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u2019 yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi. Ve bu m\u00fcdahalelerde \u2018Kamusal yarar\u2019 ve \u2018Ulusal \u00e7\u0131kar\u2019 her  \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde tutuluyordu.”<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir toplum ve toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak, ye\u015fil alanlar, ormanlar, tar\u0131m arazileri, su havzalar\u0131, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras alanlar\u0131 yasalarla korunuyor; uygulamada da birtak\u0131m denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 ve korumac\u0131 kurum ve kurullar taraf\u0131ndan sistemin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015fleyip i\u015flemedi\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131 \u015fekilde denetleniyordu”<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Kent planlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015eehir Planlama Odas\u0131, Mimarlar Odas\u0131 gibi Meslek odalar\u0131 \u00f6nemli yetkilerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131 ve bunlar Kente herhangi bir yanl\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahalede gerekli tedbirleri alma g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve yetkisine sahiplerdi. Di\u011fer denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 olan Bas\u0131n, Yarg\u0131 ve  Tarafs\u0131z Bilimsel Kurulu\u015flar,  \u00f6zellikle \u00dcniversiteler, denetim g\u00f6revlerini k\u0131s\u0131tlanmadan yapabiliyor, kurallara uymayanlara yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulanabiliyordu..<\/em>.”<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“T\u00fcm bu korumac\u0131 yasalar, koruma kurullar\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim,  tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n ve yarg\u0131 sistemi ya\u015fanan Neo-liberal s\u00fcre\u00e7te sistemin hakimlerinin, \u00f6zellikle de m\u00fcteahhitlerin i\u015fine gelmedi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n tek iste\u011fi Kente rahat\u00e7a m\u00fcdahale edebilmek, Ranta de\u011fer g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri her yere rahat\u00e7a girebilmek, gerekirse oralara  \u2018Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma\u2019 yoluyla el koyabilmek, hi\u00e7bir ciddi engelle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan ucuz arsalara ula\u015f\u0131p in\u015faat yapabilmekti.”<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“M\u00fcteahhitlerin kamusal yarar  veya ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlara ra\u011fmen istedikleri projeleri sorunsuz \/ engelsiz hayata ge\u00e7irebilmeleri ve istedikleri d\u00fczeyde y\u00fcksek karlar elde edebilmeleri i\u00e7in  mevcut denetim sisteminin ve \u00fclkedeki \u2018korumac\u0131’ yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n tamamen de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekiyordu. B\u00f6ylece son 20 y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Neo-liberal K\u0131r \/ Kent Politikalar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, mevcut sistem in\u015faat sermayesi ve m\u00fcteahhitlerin lehine ad\u0131m ad\u0131m bu beklentilere cevap vermek \u00fczere de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/em>”      <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Eski kat\u0131 korumac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n esnekle\u015ftirilmesi ve sistemin \u2018denetimsiz\u2019 tamamen  ranta uygun \u015fekilde i\u015fler hale getirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nce korumac\u0131 yasalar\u0131n yerine daha esnek yasalar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131; ard\u0131ndan koruma kurullar\u0131 ve denetleyici kurumlar\u0131n yetkileri k\u0131s\u0131tlanarak bunlar i\u015flevsiz hale getirildi.” <\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“\u00d6rne\u011fin daha \u00f6nce 2863 numaral\u0131 Tabiat ve Do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131 koruma yasas\u0131 ile korunan tarihi alanlar i\u00e7in, \u20185366 Yenileme Yasas\u0131\u2019 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, Bakanlar Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan \u2018Yenileme karar\u0131\u2019 al\u0131nan tarihi alanlarda 2863\u2019\u00fcn h\u00fckm\u00fc tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve yerine tarihi alanlar\u0131 imar ve in\u015faata a\u00e7an 5366 ge\u00e7erli say\u0131ld\u0131. Yine s\u0131k\u0131 denetim yapmas\u0131 ile \u00fcnl\u00fc \u2018An\u0131tlar Kurulu\u2019nun yenileme alanlar\u0131ndaki denetim yetkisi elinden al\u0131nd\u0131, yerine daha esnek, sistemin \u00fcretti\u011fi projelerin kolayca onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an \u2018Yenileme Kurullar\u0131\u2019 yetkilendirildi.”<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Yenileme Kurullar\u0131n\u0131 atayan ayn\u0131 irade ayn\u0131 zamanda bu kurullar\u0131n denetiminden ge\u00e7ecek projelerin de sahipleriydiler. Yani sistem kendi olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kurullara kendini denetletir hale gelmi\u015fti. B\u00f6ylece ger\u00e7ek denetim ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u2018denetliyormu\u015f\u2019 gibi yapan paralel, birtak\u0131m s\u00f6zde denetim kurum ve kurullar\u0131 sisteme hakim k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.”<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“Yine ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim yapan Mimarlar Odas\u0131, \u015eehir Planc\u0131lar\u0131 odas\u0131 gibi Meslek \u00d6rg\u00fctleri ve di\u011fer ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kurulu\u015flar\u0131n hem yetkileri hem  gelir kaynaklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, bunlar denetim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \/ tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n, yarg\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, \u00dcniversiteler iktidar\u0131n bilimini \u00fcretir hale gelmi\u015flerdir.<\/em>“<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

“\u00dclkede \u0130n\u015faat Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve M\u00fcteahhitlerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde art\u0131k hi\u00e7bir engel, denetim g\u00fcc\u00fc, korumac\u0131 politikalar, kurullar, kurumlar kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  \u0130n\u015faat Firmalar\u0131 ve sistemin prensleri m\u00fcteahhitler tamamen  dokunulmazl\u0131k z\u0131rh\u0131 ile ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/em>“<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

KAHRAMANMARA\u015e DEPREM\u0130 NEDEN BU KADAR YIKICIYDI?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DEPREM M\u0130 DENET\u0130MS\u0130ZL\u0130K M\u0130?!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N DEPREM GER\u00c7E\u011e\u0130<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yenilenen deprem haritas\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc 1. ve 2. derece deprem ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan T\u00fcrkiye, bu \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle d\u00fcnyada depremlerden etkilenen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda da en \u00f6n s\u0131ralarda yer almaktad\u0131r. TMMOB Bursa \u0130l Koordinasyon Kurulu\u2019nun 17 A\u011fustos \u2018Marmara Depremi\u2019ni anma g\u00fcn\u00fcnde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 17 A\u011fustos 2015 tarihli Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda yer verdi\u011fi istatistiklere g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 66`s\u0131 1. ve 2. derecede deprem  b\u00f6lgesinde yer almakta, n\u00fcfusu bir milyonun \u00fczerindeki 11 b\u00fcy\u00fck kent, \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun ise y\u00fczde 70`i ve b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayi tesislerinin y\u00fczde 75`i deprem tehlikesi alt\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1900`l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan Marmara depremine kadar otuza yak\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli deprem meydana gelmi\u015f ve resmi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re 100 bin civar\u0131nda insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin  \u201c17 A\u011fustos 1999 g\u00fcn\u00fc saat 03:02`de merkezi Kocaeli-G\u00f6lc\u00fck olan, end\u00fcstrinin ve n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funun en yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde meydana gelen Richter \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine g\u00f6re 7.4 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki deprem yakla\u015f\u0131k, 17.479 yurtta\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne, 45.953 yurtta\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yaralanmas\u0131na, 244.383 konutun hasara u\u011framas\u0131na, 25-30 Milyar Dolar zarar\u0131n meydana gelmesine neden olmu\u015ftur<\/em>\u201d (17.08.2015; TMMOB Bursa \u0130l Koordinasyon Kurulu Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131). <\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yine T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka b\u00fcy\u00fck afet olan 23 Ekim 2011tarihli \u2018Van Depremi\u2019 saat 13.41\u2019de Van\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde Tabanl\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fc merkezinde 7,2 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde  ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de o g\u00fcne kadar meydana gelen depremler aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son 110 y\u0131l\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck depremlerinden biri say\u0131lan bu deprem, yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz yirmi y\u0131l\u0131n en \u00e7ok \u00f6l\u00fcme sebep olan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc depremi olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Etkilenen insan say\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise, son \u00e7eyrek as\u0131rda etkisi en y\u00fcksek hissedilen \u00fc\u00e7 depremden biri olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u201cbu depremde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 604, yaralanan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 2000\u2019in \u00fczerinde, enkazdan sa\u011f \u00e7\u0131kan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 ise 222<\/em>\u201d  olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. TTB\u2019nin Van Depremi konusunda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2011 deprem Raporuna g\u00f6re: \u201cDepremde en b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar Erci\u015f il\u00e7esinde verilmi\u015ftir, toplam 65 binan\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u015eehir merkezinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da bina ciddi bi\u00e7imde hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve oturulamayacak durumdad\u0131r. Deprem ayr\u0131ca Erzurum, A\u011fr\u0131, Mardin, Diyarbak\u0131r, Mu\u015f, Bitlis, I\u011fd\u0131r, Kars, Batman, Siirt illeri ve il\u00e7elerinde hissedilmi\u015ftir. Tabanl\u0131, G\u00fcven\u00e7li, Gedikbulak, Yayl\u0131yaka, Halkal\u0131, G\u00f6ll\u00fc, Ye\u015filsu, Alak\u00f6y gibi k\u00f6ylerde \u00e7ok say\u0131da evde a\u011f\u0131r hasar meydana gelmi\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlerden 25\u2019i k\u00f6ylerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir<\/em>\u201d (Aral\u0131k 2011 TTB Raporu<\/em><\/strong>). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Marmara depremine kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm depremlerde toplam \u00f6len insan say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 bin ki\u015fi olmu\u015ftur. Oysa \u2018BBS News T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019 haber sitesinin 20 Mart 2023 tarihli yay\u0131n\u0131nda, AFAD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yunus Sezer\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 son rakam 20 Mart itibar\u0131yla 50 bin 96\u2019y\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. Yani o g\u00fcne kadar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen t\u00fcm depremlerin toplam\u0131nda \u00f6len insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 sadece Kahramanmara\u015f depreminde  kaybedilmi\u015ftir (20 Mart 2023, Yunus Sezer: <\/em><\/strong>BBC News T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ). <\/em><\/strong>Bu say\u0131 daha \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de en \u00e7ok can kayb\u0131na neden olan <\/em>7.9 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki Erzincan Depremi’nde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden 32 bin 968 ki\u015finin de \u00fczerindedir (14 \u015eubat 2023;  Birg\u00fcn Gazetesi). <\/em><\/strong>Yine TC Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Strateji ve B\u00fct\u00e7e Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u20182023 Kahramanmara\u015f ve Hatay Depremleri Raporu<\/em>\u2019na g\u00f6re son Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli iki depremin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 hasar, yani bu depremin toplam maliyeti de, daha \u00f6nceki t\u00fcm depremlerin toplam\u0131n\u0131n kat kat \u00fcst\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir (199.5 Milyar TL \/103,6 Milyar Dolar). <\/em>Bu rakam Neredeyse T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u20182023 y\u0131l\u0131 Milli Gelirinin y\u00fczde 9\u2019una denk gelmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu raporda a\u00e7\u0131klanan verilerin detaylar\u0131 ise a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dad\u0131r: \u201cDepremin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi \u00fczerindeki toplam y\u00fck\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde en \u00f6nemli bile\u015fenini y\u00fczde 54.9 oran\u0131yla konut hasar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r (1073.9 Milyar TL\/56.9 Milyar Dolar). \u0130kinci a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 hasar kalemi ise kamu altyap\u0131s\u0131 ve hizmet binalar\u0131ndaki y\u0131k\u0131mdan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r (242.5 Milyar TL \/ 12.9 Milyar Dolar<\/em>). Konut hari\u00e7 \u00f6zel kesim hasar\u0131 ise (222.4 Milyar TL\/11.8 Milyar Dolar) di\u011fer bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 hasar kalemi olarak tahmin edilmektedir. Bu kalemin i\u00e7erisinde imalat sanayii, enerji, haberle\u015fme, turizm, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim sekt\u00f6rleri ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck esnaf hasar\u0131 ve ibadethaneler yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca sigortac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve esnaf\u0131n gelir kay\u0131plar\u0131 ile makroekonomik etkiler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, depremin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 felaketin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi \u00fczerinde a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplam y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 199.5 Milyar TL (103,6 Milyar Dolar)d\u00fczeyinde oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u20182023 Milli Gelirinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 9\u2019una ula\u015fabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir\u201d(<\/em>2023 TC Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Strateji ve B\u00fct\u00e7e Ba\u015fkanl\u0131g\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u20182023 Kahramanmara\u015f ve Hatay Depremleri Raporu:  s.130).<\/em><\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/em> Y\u0131ld\u0131z Teknik \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi prof. Dr. \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Ersoy\u2019a g\u00f6re  Kahramanmara\u015f depremlerinde T\u00fcrkiye bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketlerinden birini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi ifadesiyle aktar\u0131rsak: \u201cBu ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir depremdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc depremin s\u00fcresi bile 1 bu\u00e7uk dakikad\u0131r. Kocaeli Depremi 45 saniye s\u00fcren 7.4 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki bir depremdir. Fakat bu deprem 1 bu\u00e7uk dakika s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve 7.7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndedir. 7.7\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekir; 7.7 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki deprem<\/em> asl\u0131nda neredeyse 3 tane 7.4 demektir. Deprem b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri logaritmatik artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 7.4 ile 7.7 aras\u0131nda enerji bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 kat fark vard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla neyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuz bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da bellidir. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir can kayb\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir maddi kay\u0131p ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bulunmaktay\u0131z\u201d <\/em>(<\/em><\/strong>24 \u015eub 2023,<\/em><\/strong> \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Ersoy, Sigorta gazetesi).<\/em><\/strong> <\/em><\/strong> 6 \u015eubat 2023 g\u00fcn\u00fc Kahramanmara\u015f ili, Pazarc\u0131k ve Elbistan il\u00e7elerinde meydana gelen 7.7 ve 7.6 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki iki b\u00fcy\u00fck deprem ve art\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi hasar sonucu 11 ili i\u00e7ine alan bir co\u011frafya i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, 50 bine yak\u0131n yurtta\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi Kahramanmara\u015f depreminin yarat\u0131\u011f\u0131  hasarla ilgili TMMOB\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u00fcm odalar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ortak Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan veriler ise \u015f\u00f6yledir :\u201cAfet b\u00f6lgesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen depremler, yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 km\u2019lik bir hat boyunca yatayda 6-7 m, d\u00fc\u015feyde de 2-3m\u2019ye varan y\u00fczey deformasyonlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olup; 11 ilimizi ve 13 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n vatanda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu illerimiz Ad\u0131yaman, Kahramanmara\u015f, Hatay, Malatya olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte Elbistan, G\u00f6ksun, Nurhak, Pazarc\u0131k, T\u00fcrko\u011flu, \u0130sl\u00e2hiye, Nurda\u011f\u0131, G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131, Erkenek, K\u0131r\u0131khan, Do\u011fan\u015fehir, Samanda\u011f, \u0130skenderun ve Hassa il\u00e7elerimizle birlikte k\u0131rsal alanlarda da yo\u011fun bi\u00e7imde y\u0131k\u0131mlar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d (<\/em>20 \u015eubat 2023 TMMOB\u2019ye Ba\u011fl\u0131 T\u00fcm Odalar\u0131n Ortak A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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   <\/em>Depremin \u00fclke ekonomisinde sebep oldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck maddi hasar bir yana, halk\u0131m\u0131zda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 manevi \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ve ac\u0131n\u0131n, can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n hissettirdi\u011fi \u00e7aresizli\u011fin tarif edilebilir bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur. Daha \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olan ise sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik ciddi ad\u0131mlar\u0131n hala at\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f,  uygulamaya ge\u00e7irilecek somut tedbirlerin hala al\u0131namam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Her deprem y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi, 17 A\u011fustos Marmara depremiyle ilgili  d\u00fczenlenen 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki anmada da, TMMOB Bursa \u0130KK\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda yine hep ayn\u0131 ele\u015ftirilere yer verilmi\u015f, depremin \u00fclkemizin h\u00e2l\u00e2 en \u00f6nemli problemlerinden biri olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini korudu\u011fu, bu sorunu a\u015fman\u0131n toplumsal bir sorumluluk gerektirdi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f, \u00f6nlem almakta, toplumu depreme kar\u015f\u0131 bilin\u00e7lendirmekte, yap\u0131 \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini ve yap\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 deprem tehlikesini g\u00f6zeterek d\u00fczenlemekte, ilgili mevzuat\u0131 deprem ger\u00e7e\u011fine g\u00f6re yeniden ele almakta birinci derecede sorumlu olan siyasi iktidar\u0131n konuya yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f ve yetersiz oldu\u011fu \u00fczerine vurgu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda t\u00fcm ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ac\u0131 deneyimlere ra\u011fmen toplumun hala daha gelece\u011fe g\u00fcvenle haz\u0131rlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunun da alt\u0131 \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir. Her depremden \u00f6nce toplumda al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler konusunda olu\u015fan konsens\u00fcs ve verilen s\u00f6zlere ra\u011fmen, halen daha “bir arpa boyu mesafe al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d <\/em>mevcut yap\u0131 stokuna bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda durumun halen i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cT\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 milyon civar\u0131nda yap\u0131 bulundu\u011fu, bunlar\u0131n % 60`\u0131n\u0131n 20 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerinde bulundu\u011fu; yap\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda ruhsats\u0131z ve niteliksiz oldu\u011fu, m\u00fchendislik hizmeti almadan veya k\u0131smen alarak ve yap\u0131 denetimi olmadan \u00fcretildi\u011fi, pek \u00e7o\u011funun g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi, yine kayda de\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yap\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131larak yeniden yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunluluk oldu\u011fu<\/em>\u201d ifade edilmi\u015ftir (17.08.2015; TMMOB  a.g.b.a).  <\/em><\/strong>Maalesef b\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00f6zler ve uyar\u0131lar son Mara\u015f depreminin ard\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda \/raporlarda da benzer \u015fekilde yer almaktad\u0131r. Zaten T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de mesele sorunlar\u0131n ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, irdelenmesi, kayna\u011f\u0131na inilip \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretilmesinde de\u011fil, s\u00f6ylenenlerle uygulama aras\u0131ndaki mesafeden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Her s\u0131cak depremin ard\u0131ndan verilen vaatlerin, var\u0131lan konsens\u00fcslerin, uygulanmak \u00fczere \u00f6zenerek haz\u0131rlanan raporlar\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman gerekti\u011fi gibi hayata ge\u00e7irilememesi, hep raflarda kalmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

SU\u00c7LU DEPREM M\u0130 DENET\u0130MS\u0130ZL\u0130K M\u0130:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DENETL\u0130YORMU\u015e G\u0130B\u0130 YAPAN KURUM VE KURULLAR?!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u2018Yap\u0131 Denetimi D\u00fczenlemeleri\u2019 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda baz\u0131 giri\u015fimler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olsa da, i\u015f uygulamaya geldi\u011finde denetim mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flerlik kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bir yana, tam tersi denetimi tamamen ortadan kald\u0131ran uygulamalar hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7ta denetleyen de\u011fil \u2018denetliyormu\u015f\u2019 gibi yapan bir sistem ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle 1980 sonras\u0131 Neo-liberal s\u00fcre\u00e7te ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde her \u015feyin m\u00fckemmel \u015fekilde dizayn edildi\u011fi ama uygulamada yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenlerin s\u0131rf maliyetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek u\u011fruna eksik \/ aksak kolayca onay s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7mesine izin verilen, denetliyor g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc veren bir denetim mekanizmas\u0131 hakim olmu\u015ftur. Uygulamada, yasa kapsam\u0131nda mesleki denetim ve belgelendirme g\u00f6revleri olan TMMOB ba\u011fl\u0131 odalar ve di\u011fer meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra denetleme g\u00f6revi olan t\u00fcm uzman kurulu\u015f ve kurumlar\u0131n bu alandaki faaliyetlerini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan, onlar\u0131 denetim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p yerine her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yetkiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f paralel kurum ve kurullar olu\u015fturan,  korumac\u0131l\u0131ktan gittik\u00e7e uzakla\u015fan \u00e7ok daha esnek bir denetim mekanizmas\u0131 sistemde kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Gelinen a\u015famada \u2018Deprem \u015euras\u0131\u2019, \u2018Ulusal Deprem Konseyi\u2019 gibi olu\u015fumlar da la\u011fvedilerek ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de depremin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan bir dahaki depreme kadar hat\u0131rlanmamak \u00fczere ya\u015fanan felaketler kolayca unutulmaktad\u0131r. Bu kez de ayn\u0131 \u015feylerin olmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn toplumun bu konuda harekete ge\u00e7mesi, sorumlular\u0131n i\u015flerini yerine getirmek \u00fczere g\u00f6reve \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmas\u0131,  daha da \u00f6nemlisi, \u00fclkede hakim olan \u2018b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u2019 olmaktan uzak \u2018eklektik, kamusal \u00e7\u0131kar ve ekolojik yarar g\u00f6zetilmeyen mevcut \u2018\u015eehir Planlama\u2019 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n derhal terk edilmesi gerekmektedir. Yine halka ra\u011fmen ve genellikle torba yasalarla bir gecede \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan, sadece m\u00fcteahhitlerin \/ in\u015faat firmalar\u0131n\u0131n rant beklentisini kar\u015f\u0131layan tarafl\u0131 yasalar\u0131n ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015f adalet sisteminin de bir an \u00f6nce de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir. \u00c7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tekrar alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek tekrarlarsak, denetim mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n ve denetleyici kurullar\u0131n yetkilerinin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131p denetim d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131larak, yerlerine esnek, denetlemeyip \u2018denetliyormu\u015f\u2019 gibi yapan, esas g\u00f6revi sistemin projelerinin \u2018onay\u2019 s\u00fcrecini kolayca atlat\u0131p \u2018Denetim\u2019 mekanizmas\u0131ndan sorunsuzca ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flamak olan paralel kurul ve kurumlar\u0131n hakimiyetinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ivedilikle kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131; i\u015fte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bug\u00fcn \u2018Deprem\u2019 ger\u00e7e\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki esas meselesi budur. \u00dclkede hakim olan \u2018Rant Hukuku\u2019na bir \u015fekilde son verilerek halk \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n\u0131n ve kamusal yarar\u0131n \u00f6n plana al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, ekolojik tahribat ve do\u011fa katliam\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 olmadan durduruldu\u011fu, depreme kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvenli, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, planl\u0131 bir kent yap\u0131lanmas\u0131na izin veren, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131y\u0131, tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcniversiteleri harekete ge\u00e7iren demokratik, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131  bir sistemin en k\u0131sa zamanda \u00fclkede hakim k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gelecek ku\u015faklar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in de \u00f6nceli\u011fi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi taktirde b\u00fct\u00fcn vaatlerin \u00f6nerilen tedbirlerin haz\u0131rlanan raporlar\u0131n yine raflarda kalmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.  TMMOB Kimya M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131, 17 A\u011fustos depreminin y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin olarak 16 A\u011fustos 2017\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda 17 A\u011fustos ve 12 Kas\u0131m 1999’da ya\u015fanan depremlerin \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en 18 y\u0131la ra\u011fmen \u00f6zellikle \u0130stanbul’da depreme kar\u015f\u0131 yetkililerin gerekti\u011fi \u015fekilde \u00f6nlem almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,  \u00fclkedeki 20 milyonu a\u015fan yap\u0131 stokunun y\u00fczde 70`inin ruhsats\u0131z, ka\u00e7ak ve y\u00fczde 40`\u0131n\u0131n da oturulamaz ve depreme kar\u015f\u0131 mutlaka g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi gereken durumda oldu\u011funu vurgulayarak \u015fu \u00f6nemli ele\u015ftiride bulunmu\u015ftur: “Bir\u00e7ok kez de\u011fi\u015ftirilen \u0130mar Yasas\u0131 ve her tadil edili\u015finde biraz daha dejenere olan Yap\u0131 Denetimi Yasas\u0131 ile depreme kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yap\u0131lar \u00fcretilemeyece\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. Bu sistem i\u00e7erisinde yer alan ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde denetlemedi\u011fi, hatta g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi yap\u0131 ve ona ait beton gibi kritik yap\u0131 malzemelerini kontrol etme i\u015finin, ger\u00e7ekte \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretler kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sadece evraklara imza atma d\u00fczeyine indirgendi\u011fi bu s\u00f6zde denetim \u00fclkemizin \u00e7ok ac\u0131 bir ger\u00e7e\u011fidir<\/em>” (16 a\u011fustos 2017; Kimya M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131). <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  <\/em><\/strong>Son y\u0131llarda siyasi iktidar mevzuatta kabul edilemez k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklilere gitmi\u015ftir. Az \u00f6nce yukar\u0131da da de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere Meslek Odalar\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal yarar hassasiyetinden kaynaklanan kamu projelerine m\u00fcdahale etme yetkileri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, \u00fcyelerini denetlemelerinin, sicillerini tutmalar\u0131n\u0131n, mesleki faaliyetlerini kay\u0131t alt\u0131na almalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne engeller \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meslek Odalar\u0131 ve di\u011fer ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denet\u00e7i kurumlar, i\u015flerini lay\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli gelir kaynaklar\u0131ndan ve maddi olanaklardan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu yolla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde idari denetim kurularak bir vesayet ili\u015fkisi hayata ge\u00e7irilmek istenmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcrecin toplumsal maliyeti de \u015f\u00fcphesiz y\u00fcksek olmu\u015ftur. Yine yukar\u0131da vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere son Mara\u015f depreminde, TC tarihinde depreme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tahribat ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f, \u00fclkemizi yasa bo\u011facak d\u00fczeyde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir can kayb\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa mant\u0131kl\u0131 olan, bunun tam tersinin olmas\u0131d\u0131r; yani daha \u00f6nce ya\u015fanan felaketlerden ders \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak b\u00fct\u00fcn tedbirlerin \u00e7oktan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, gerekli yasal alt yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oktan hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f, uygulamada b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcreci hassasiyetle denetleyen, yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alan, sorumlular\u0131n gerekti\u011fi gibi cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z\u2019 bir denetim sisteminin \u00e7oktan olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu g\u00fcvenli bir kent yap\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7oktan ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, maddi, manevi depremlerin gittik\u00e7e daha az hasarla atlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir  \u00fclke olmak;  akl\u0131n ve bilimin gere\u011fi bu saatten sonra T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de olmas\u0131 gereken budur.  Peki bu neden olmamakta \/ olamamaktad\u0131r?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130N\u015eAATA DAYALI \u2018KENTSEL D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM\u2019 ODAKLI B\u00dcY\u00dcME MODEL\u0130 VE M\u00dcTEAHH\u0130TLER\u0130 KAYIRAN \u2018RANT\u2019 HUKUKU<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   1980 Sonras\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada  Neo-liberal sisteme ge\u00e7ilmesiyle birlikte, daha \u00f6nceki sanayi odakl\u0131 \u2018Sermaye Birikim Sistemi\u2019 de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak da  in\u015faat, turizm ve finans sekt\u00f6rlerinde \u00fcretilen hizmetlere dayal\u0131 bir \u2018Sermaye Birikim Rejimi\u2019 kapitalist sisteme hakim olmu\u015ftur. Art\u0131k zenginli\u011fin kayna\u011f\u0131, \u00fcretimin merkezile\u015fti\u011fi, sanayi \u00fcretiminin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u2018B\u00fcy\u00fck Fabrika Sistemi\u2019 de\u011fil,  hizmet sekt\u00f6rlerinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve Orta \u00d6l\u00e7ekli \u0130\u015fletmeler\/ KOB\u0130\u2019ler ve \u2018Kent\u2019in  ve \u2018K\u0131r\u2019\u0131n mekan olarak bizzat kendi varl\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Kentler art\u0131k Neo-liberalizmin Misafirhanelerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Kentlere gelecek olan m\u00fc\u015fterilere en iyi hizmeti verecek, en iyi alt yap\u0131 imkanlar\u0131na, otobanlara, havaalanlar\u0131na,  otellere, restoranlara, e\u011flence \/ dinlenme mekanlar\u0131na, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezlerine \/ AVM\u2019lere sahip, m\u00fc\u015fterilerini en konforlu en g\u00fczel \u015fekilde a\u011f\u0131rlayan kentler en \u00e7ok para kazan kentler olacak, \u00fclkede \u00fcretilen pastadan en \u00e7ok pay alan yine bu kentlerin KOB\u0130\u2019leri ve  ba\u015fta m\u00fcteahhitler olmak \u00fczere sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu sistemi global \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise, devletler de art\u0131k d\u00fcnya pazar\u0131nda \u00fcrettikleri hizmetler ve in\u015fa ettikleri \u2018K\u00fcresel Kentler\u2019 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birbirleriyle rekabete girecek, en donan\u0131ml\u0131, en iyi imkanlara sahip, tarihi, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131 en zengin, konaklama, ula\u015f\u0131m, e\u011flence imkanlar\u0131 en geli\u015fmi\u015f, markala\u015fm\u0131\u015f, vizyon sahibi kentlere sahip \u00fclkeler bu rekabette en ba\u015fta yer alacak, d\u00fcnya gelir pastas\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131 alarak, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki konumlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyacaklard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  Tablo b\u00f6yle olunca, b\u00f6yle bir sistemde  K\u0131rda \/Kentte \/ Uluslararas\u0131 boyutta K\u00fcresel kentlerde,  yerel \/ulusal \/ uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde hizmet veren i\u015fletmeler veya global \u00f6l\u00e7ekte hizmet veren \u00c7ok Uluslu \u015eirketler (\u00c7U\u015e)\u2019lar  ve  K\u0131r\u0131 \/ Kenti \/ K\u00fcresel Kenti en iyi \u015fekilde in\u015fa eden \/pazarlayan in\u015faat sermayesi \/ M\u00fcteahhitler bu sistemin sahipleri, zenginleri \/ prensleri olacaklard\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn sistem bunlar\u0131n taleplerine g\u00f6re dizayn edilecek, Neo-liberal yasalar bunlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u015fekilde yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilecek, e\u011fer mevcut hukuk sisteminde engel te\u015fkil eden, ayak ba\u011f\u0131 olan yasal d\u00fczenlemeler varsa bunlar  sistemin yeni sahiplerinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na derhal de\u011fi\u015ftirilecek, yerine sisteme soluk ald\u0131racak, sermaye birikiminin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7acak Neo-liberal yasalar ve Neo-liberal Hukuk Sistemi hakim k\u0131l\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de yap\u0131lan budur. \u00d6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131 gere\u011fi, in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7ok \u00f6n planda oldu\u011fu ve \u00fclkede \u2018\u0130n\u015faat Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne Dayal\u0131 Kentsel D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Odakl\u0131 Bir B\u00fcy\u00fcme Modeli\u2019 <\/em>benimsenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu <\/em>i\u00e7in, m\u00fcteahhitler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ger\u00e7ekten de prensleri konumuna gelmi\u015flerdir. B\u00fct\u00fcn Neo-liberal politikalar m\u00fcteahhitlere hizmet etmekte, b\u00fct\u00fcn  yasalar, hukuk sistemi onlar\u0131n i\u015flerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak, \u00f6nlerindeki engelleri kald\u0131racak d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7ermektedir. Finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fc de onlar\u0131 ayakta tutacak \u015fekilde kredi ve finans deste\u011fi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Sistemin arz cephesini ayakta tutmak i\u00e7in \u2018yat\u0131r\u0131m kredileri, talep y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc dengede tutmak i\u00e7in de \u2018t\u00fcketim kredileri vererek, ekonomiyi finansal boyutta dengede tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 
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   Daha \u00f6nceki sistemde (Fordist Birikim Sisteminde)  T\u00fcm kapitalist \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u2018Sanayi Odakl\u0131\u2019 bir birikim modeli ve \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n taleplerinin \/ beklentilerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u2018Kent Planlamas\u0131\u2019 ve \u2018Sosyal Haklar\u2019 temelinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir \u2018Hukuk Sistemi\u2019 hakimdi.  Keynesyen sosyal devlet d\u00fczenlemeleri ve sosyal haklar  T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015fmi\u015f durumdayd\u0131. Kentlerde Kamu binalar\u0131, kamusal alanlar, \u00f6rne\u011fin devlet okullar\u0131, devlet hastaneleri, kamusal dinlence \/ e\u011flence yerleri, kamu \u0130ktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri t\u00fcm bunlar kentin en g\u00fczel en g\u00f6zde yerlerinde bol miktarda bulunmaktayd\u0131. Ye\u015fil alanlar, parklar, ormanlar,  korular,  halka a\u00e7\u0131k alanlard\u0131 ve genellikle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n sosyalle\u015fti\u011fi, dinlendi\u011fi yerlerdi buralar. Kente m\u00fcdahalede \u2018Planlama\u2019 ve \u2018B\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl\u2019 yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi. Ve bu m\u00fcdahalelerde \u2018Kamusal yarar\u2019 ve \u2018Ulusal \u00e7\u0131kar\u2019 her  \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde tutuluyordu.  Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir toplum ve toplumsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak, ye\u015fil alanlar, ormanlar, tar\u0131m arazileri, su havzalar\u0131, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras alanlar\u0131 yasalarla korunuyor; uygulamada da birtak\u0131m denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 ve korumac\u0131 kurum ve kurullar taraf\u0131ndan sistemin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015fleyip i\u015flemedi\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131 \u015fekilde denetleniyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2863 say\u0131l\u0131 \u2018K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Tabiat Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Koruma Yasas\u0131\u2019 ile tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanlar koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131yor, \u2018An\u0131tlar Kurulu\u2019 gibi korumac\u0131 kurullar taraf\u0131ndan bu yasan\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilip ge\u00e7irilmedi\u011fi ciddi \u015fekilde denetleniyordu. Yine Kent planlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015eehir Planlama Odas\u0131, Mimarlar Odas\u0131 gibi Meslek odalar\u0131 \u00f6nemli yetkilerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131 ve bunlar Kente herhangi bir yanl\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahalede gerekli tedbirleri alma g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve yetkisine sahiplerdi. Di\u011fer denetim mekanizmalar\u0131 olan Bas\u0131n, Yarg\u0131 ve  Tarafs\u0131z Bilimsel Kurulu\u015flar,  \u00f6zellikle \u00dcniversiteler, denetim g\u00f6revlerini k\u0131s\u0131tlanmadan yapabiliyor, kurallara uymayanlara yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar uygulanabiliyordu. Tabii t\u00fcm bu korumac\u0131 yasalar, koruma kurullar\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim,  tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n ve yarg\u0131 sistemi ya\u015fanan Neo-liberal s\u00fcre\u00e7te sistemin hakimlerinin, \u00f6zellikle de m\u00fcteahhitlerin i\u015fine gelmedi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n tek iste\u011fi Kente rahat\u00e7a m\u00fcdahale edebilmek, Ranta de\u011fer g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri her yere rahat\u00e7a girebilmek, gerekirse oralara  \u2018Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma\u2019 yoluyla el koyabilmek, hi\u00e7bir ciddi engelle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan ucuz arsalara ula\u015f\u0131p in\u015faat yapabilmekti. M\u00fcteahhitlerin kamusal yarar  veya ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlara ra\u011fmen istedikleri projeleri sorunsuz \/ engelsiz hayata ge\u00e7irebilmeleri ve istedikleri d\u00fczeyde y\u00fcksek karlar elde edebilmeleri i\u00e7in  mevcut denetim sisteminin ve \u00fclkedeki \u2018korumac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u2019 tamamen de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekiyordu. B\u00f6ylece son 20 y\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Neo-liberal kent politikalar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, mevcut sistem in\u015faat sermayesi ve m\u00fcteahhitlerin lehine ad\u0131m ad\u0131m bu beklentilere cevap vermek \u00fczere de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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\u00a0\u00a0 Eski kat\u0131 korumac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n esnekle\u015ftirilmesi ve sistemin \u2018denetimsiz\u2019 tamamen\u00a0 ranta uygun \u015fekilde i\u015fler hale getirilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nce korumac\u0131 yasalar\u0131n yerine daha esnek yasalar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131; ard\u0131ndan koruma kurullar\u0131 ve denetleyici kurumlar\u0131n yetkileri k\u0131s\u0131tlanarak bunlar i\u015flevsiz hale getirildi. \u00d6rne\u011fin daha \u00f6nce 2863 numaral\u0131 Tabiat ve Do\u011fal varl\u0131klar\u0131 koruma yasas\u0131 ile korunan tarihi alanlar i\u00e7in, \u20185366 Yenileme Yasas\u0131\u2019 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, Bakanlar Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan \u2018Yenileme karar\u0131\u2019 al\u0131nan tarihi alanlarda 2863\u2019\u00fcn h\u00fckm\u00fc tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve yerine tarihi alanlar\u0131 imar ve in\u015faata a\u00e7an 5366 ge\u00e7erli say\u0131ld\u0131. Yine s\u0131k\u0131 denetim yapmas\u0131 ile \u00fcnl\u00fc \u2018An\u0131tlar Kurulu\u2019nun yenileme alanlar\u0131ndaki denetim yetkisi elinden al\u0131nd\u0131, yerine daha esnek, sistemin \u00fcretti\u011fi projelerin kolayca onaylanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an \u2018Yenileme Kurullar\u0131\u2019 yetkilendirildi. Yenileme Kurullar\u0131n\u0131 atayan ayn\u0131 irade ayn\u0131 zamanda bu kurullar\u0131n denetiminden ge\u00e7ecek projelerin de sahipleriydiler. Yani sistem kendi olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kurullara kendini denetletir hale gelmi\u015fti. B\u00f6ylece ger\u00e7ek denetim ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u2018denetliyormu\u015f\u2019 gibi yapan paralel, birtak\u0131m s\u00f6zde denetim kurum ve kurullar\u0131 sisteme hakim k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yine ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim yapan Mimarlar Odas\u0131, \u015eehir Planc\u0131lar\u0131 odas\u0131 gibi Meslek \u00d6rg\u00fctleri ve di\u011fer ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kurulu\u015flar\u0131n hem yetkileri hem\u00a0 gelir kaynaklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, bunlar denetim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \/ tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n, yarg\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, \u00dcniversiteler iktidar\u0131n bilimini \u00fcretir hale gelmi\u015flerdir. Yani \u00dclkede \u0130n\u015faat Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve M\u00fcteahhitlerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde art\u0131k hi\u00e7bir engel, denetim g\u00fcc\u00fc, korumac\u0131 politikalar, kurullar, kurumlar kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 \u0130n\u015faat Firmalar\u0131 ve sistemin prensleri m\u00fcteahhitler tamamen\u00a0 dokunulmazl\u0131k z\u0131rh\u0131 ile ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6NLEMLER \u00d6NER\u0130LER<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00dclkemizin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n deprem riski alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ve  \u2018bir do\u011fa olay\u0131\u2019 olarak depremlerin, d\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi gelecekte de hep kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131, kabul edilmesi gereken  bir ger\u00e7ektir. Bilinen bu ger\u00e7e\u011fe ra\u011fmen deprem denen bu do\u011fa olay\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de her seferinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir afete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin nedenleri ve sistemdeki handikaplar yukar\u0131da ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde irdelendi. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, problemin asl\u0131nda sistemden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u2018Ranta Dayal\u0131 Birikim ve B\u00fcy\u00fcme Modeli\u2019<\/em>nin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesinin temel ko\u015fulu oldu\u011fu saptamas\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Bu noktadan sonra s\u0131ra art\u0131k, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekten depremlerin bu derece y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 \/ tahrip edici  olmamas\u0131 ve \u00fclkede daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \/ g\u00fcvenli, \u2018s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir\u2019 bir k\u0131r \/ kent yap\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilebilmesi i\u00e7in neler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusuna gelirse, bunun i\u00e7in  biz her \u015feyden \u00f6nce sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halk aras\u0131nda ciddi bir uzla\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gereklili\u011fini savunmaktay\u0131z. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6zg\u00fcl ko\u015fullar\u0131 gere\u011fi bu konuda \u00f6zellikle \u0130n\u015faat Sermayesinin \u2018kamusal yarar\u2019 ve \u2018s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekolojik sistem\u2019 ad\u0131na kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mesi, daha az \u2018Kar\u2019 etmeyi g\u00f6ze alarak sa\u011flam \/ g\u00fcvenilir, sosyal boyutu da bulunan bir yap\u0131la\u015fma modelini kabul etme konusunda r\u0131za g\u00f6stermesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. Ancak o zaman \u00fclkede yeniden  koruyucu yasalar \/kurumlar, koruma kurullar\u0131 ve ciddi bir denetim mekanizmas\u0131 devreye sokulabilir; ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131, tarafs\u0131z bas\u0131n, \u00fcniversiteler yeniden hakim k\u0131l\u0131nabilir; kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131,  demokratik, kamusal yarar\u0131n ve ekolojik sistemin  \u00f6n planda tutuldu\u011fu b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ve  bilimsel ilkelere dayal\u0131  bir \u2018Kent Planlamas\u0131\u2019 hayata ge\u00e7irilebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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   Bu ba\u011flamda \u2018\u00f6nlemler ve \u00f6neriler\u2019 konusunu irdeledi\u011fimiz yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde biz de yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenleri konunun uzmanlar\u0131na ve bilimsel y\u00f6ntemlere b\u0131rakarak,  20 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde, TMMOB\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u00fcm Odalar\u0131n \u201cDeprem B\u00f6lgelerinde Her T\u00fcrl\u00fc M\u00fcdahale, Bilimi, Tekni\u011fi ve Meslek \u0130lkelerini G\u00f6zeterek Yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 Ortak Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli buldu\u011fumuz maddelerden olu\u015fan \u00f6zetle aktar\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c-\u00d6zellikle y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n kent \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 illerimizde par\u00e7ac\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler yerine b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin ortaya konulmas\u0131 zorunluluktur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yerle\u015fim K\u0131r \/K\u00f6y \/Kent\/ yerlerinin yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecinde ilgili t\u00fcm meslek alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrece katk\u0131 sunmas\u0131 akl\u0131n ve bilimin gere\u011fidir ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6ncelikli olarak altyap\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan (ula\u015f\u0131m, elektrik, do\u011falgaz vb.) ba\u015flanarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Kent \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde y\u0131k\u0131mlar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 illerimizde yerbilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kent b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ve k\u0131rsal alanlar\u0131 kapsayacak bi\u00e7imde detayl\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, deprem nedeniyle kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelen b\u00f6lgedeki jeodezik a\u011f altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncellenmesi, yer kabu\u011fu hareketleri nedeniyle metrelerce kayarak bozulmu\u015f olan m\u00fclkiyet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcncellenmesi, b\u00f6lgenin h\u00e2lihaz\u0131r ve kadastral haritalar\u0131n\u0131n yenilenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/em>Se\u00e7ilecek alalar\u0131n; iklim \u00f6zellikleri de dikkate al\u0131narak; jeolojik ve hidrolojik k\u00f6kenli afetler ile meteorolojik k\u00f6kenli afetlere u\u011frama riski bulunan alanlardan uzak olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Yani fay zonlar\u0131n\u0131n deformasyon zonlar\u0131 ile depremler sonucu meydana gelen s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fma, yanal yay\u0131lma gibi etkilere a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan heyelan, kaya d\u00fc\u015fmesi, oturma, \u00e7\u00f6kme, obruk olu\u015fumu, t\u0131bbi jeoloji k\u00f6kenli riskleri i\u00e7ermeyen ve sel, ta\u015fk\u0131n, \u00e7\u0131\u011f d\u00fc\u015fmesi gibi jeolojik ve hidrolojik k\u00f6kenli afetler ile f\u0131rt\u0131na, hortum, kum f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131 gibi meteorolojik k\u00f6kenli afetlere maruz kalabilecek alanlar olmamas\u0131na dikkat edilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Daha \u00f6z bir ifade ile yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecinde yap\u0131lacak olan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir afet \u00f6nleme politikas\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka i\u00e7erisinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu anlamda meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n katk\u0131 sunmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Uygun yer se\u00e7im kararlar\u0131 ile birlikte depremlere kurban vermeyece\u011fimiz, kay\u0131ps\u0131z bir bina g\u00fcvenlik sisteminin kurulmas\u0131 ve bu amaca uygun malzeme, et\u00fct, proje, uygulama ve denetim mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n acilen olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 bundan sonraki temel beklentimizdir. Bu ba\u011flamda uzun y\u0131llar boyunca meslek alanlar\u0131m\u0131zda olu\u015fturulmu\u015f olan bilimsel ve teknolojik birikimden hareketle ilgili idareleri yer se\u00e7im kararlar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rken mesleki ilkelerini g\u00f6zetmeye ve in\u015fa s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini k\u0131r-kent b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rleri kapsayacak bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye davet ediyoruz\u201d<\/em>(20 \u015eubat 2023; TMMOB\u2019a Ba\u011fl\u0131 T\u00fcm Odalar\u0131n Ortak Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen b\u00fct\u00fcn afetlerde ve depremlerde, \u00f6zellikle de Mara\u015f depreminde, Arama Kurtarma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, Madencilerimizin inan\u0131lmaz \u00e7abas\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n son s\u00f6z ve \u00f6z c\u00fcmlesini de  Madenciler Odas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hemen her d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadeyle tamaml\u0131yoruz: \u201cRanta ve talana dayal\u0131 sosyo ekonomik politikalar\u0131n sonucu olarak; plans\u0131zl\u0131k, denetimsizlik, ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131la\u015fma ve gecekondula\u015fma olgusu, ya\u015fanan ac\u0131 olaylardan ders al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve yanl\u0131\u015flara devam edildi\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131k bir g\u00f6stergesidir.  Bilime, tekni\u011fe \u00f6nem verilmemesinin, meslek odalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin dikkate al\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131n bedeli a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde \u00f6denmekte, insan\u0131m\u0131za de\u011fer verilmemesinin sonucu ne yaz\u0131k ki yine ac\u0131yla ve g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131yla ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Depremler kader de\u011fildir. Bir do\u011fa olay\u0131, gerekli \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmamas\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir afete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu konuda her kurum, her meslek odas\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6revi yerine getirmeli, kendi alan\u0131yla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6neri \u00fcretmeli, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 kamuoyuyla payla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekenlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorumluluk siyasi iktidarlar\u0131nd\u0131r. Ancak, siyasi iktidar\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmedi\u011fi ya\u015fanan olay\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir\u201d <\/em>(12 Kas\u0131m 2011; Maden M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

REFERANSLAR<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-2023 TC Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Strateji ve B\u00fct\u00e7e Ba\u015fkanl\u0131g\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u20182023 Kahramanmara\u015f ve Hatay Depremleri Raporu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– 20 Mart 2023, Yunus Sezer, BBC News T\u00fcrk\u00e7e;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nhttps:\/\/www.bbc.com\/turkce\/articles\/c51kdv8d15jo\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

-24 \u015eub 2023, \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Ersoy, Sigorta gazetesi; <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/strong>https:\/\/sigortacigazetesi.com.tr\/kahramanmaras-depremi-son-yuzyilin-en-buyuk-depremiydi\/).<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-14 \u015eubat 2023;  Birg\u00fcn Gazetesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

–<\/em><\/strong>20 \u015eubat 2023 TMMOB\u2019ye Ba\u011fl\u0131  T\u00fcm Odalar\u0131n Ortak A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-17.08.2015; TMMOB Bursa \u0130l Koordinasyon Kurulu Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– <\/strong>16 a\u011fustos 2017; Kimya M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– <\/strong>12 Kas\u0131m 2011;  Maden M\u00fchendisleri Odas\u0131 Bas\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

-Aral\u0131k 2011 TTB Raporu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7i\u011fdem \u015eahin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u00dc \u0130ktisat Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

‘Ekoloji Hareketleri Afet Platformu’ (Eko Afet Platformu) Kahramanmara\u015f Depreminin neden bu kadar y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunu Doktor \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi \u00c7i\u011fdem \u015eahin’e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekoloji-h-afet-grubu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11907"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11985,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11907\/revisions\/11985"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yesildirenis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}